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Life & work

The writer behind the work.

Biography and career records reviewed 23 Oct 2026.

Proust’s In Search of Lost Time connects memory, social life and the work of becoming a writer. The long novel developed through extensive revision, and its publication continued after his death.

Bibliothèque nationale de France

The Bibliothèque nationale de France’s exhibition studies the making of the work through manuscripts and editions. That perspective makes the novel a developing project, rather than a text that arrived all at once.

Bibliothèque nationale de France
Writing language
FrenchBibliothèque nationale de France
Major work
In Search of Lost TimeBibliothèque nationale de France
Literary award
Prix Goncourt, 1919Bibliothèque nationale de France

Personal profile

Marcel Proust, in detail

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AI-generated full-body illustration of Marcel Proust
Writing languageFrench
Bibliothèque nationale de France profile Published profile · checked
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A work made through revision

The BnF’s manuscript-based approach follows the text’s construction. Drafts and printed volumes allow readers to distinguish the author’s ongoing work from the later history of editions.

Bibliothèque nationale de France

Original and translated titles

Swann’s Way is an English title for Du côté de chez Swann. The 1913 date refers to the French first edition, not to every subsequent translation.

Bibliothèque nationale de France

Swann’s Way: follow an association before seeking a plot turn

Swann’s Way begins the seven-volume In Search of Lost Time through acts of remembering. Small sensations can open out into a household, a social world or an earlier attachment. A productive first reading follows the movement of an association: what starts it, how the sentence develops it and what the narrator now understands that the earlier self could not. The madeleine is an entrance into that method, not a summary of everything the sequence does.

Penguin Random House

Swann’s relationship with Odette gives the narrator another life through which to examine attachment and jealousy. Compare what Swann imagines with what he knows; desire continually reorganizes his account of the other person. The long sentences slow down such revisions. Reading them aloud or in smaller sittings can make the movement easier to follow without reducing the book to a list of remembered incidents.

Penguin Random House

Track the volume and translator

In Search of Lost Time is also known in English as Remembrance of Things Past. When comparing editions, check the sequence title, the individual volume and its translator, not just the cover design. The Bibliothèque nationale de France’s manuscript work shows how extensively Proust revised his writing. The published sequence includes material issued after his death, so a modern edition’s textual notes can explain decisions that a simplified biography cannot.

Bibliothèque nationale de FranceBibliothèque nationale de FrancePenguin Random House

The published record

Career milestones.

Dated selections from the published record.

  1. 1913

    Swann’s Way

    The first volume appeared in French.

    Bibliothèque nationale de France
  2. 1919

    Prix Goncourt

    Proust received the French literary prize.

    Bibliothèque nationale de France
  3. 1922

    Death

    Proust died on 18 November.

    Institut national d’histoire de l’art
  4. 1927

    Time Regained

    The final volume appeared after Proust’s death.

    Bibliothèque nationale de France

Quick answers

The questions,
answered.

Answers grounded in the sources below.

Was the whole novel published during Proust’s lifetime?

No. Publication continued after his death in 1922, with Time Regained appearing in 1927.

Bibliothèque nationale de France
What does the 1913 date refer to?

The French first edition of Swann’s Way.

Bibliothèque nationale de France

The source notes

Know what you’re looking at.

An independent HowSociable profile. Not affiliated with or endorsed by Marcel Proust.

Freshness, without guesswork

Publication dates refer to the work or edition identified by the cited source. Translations, later editions and adaptations may have different titles and dates.

Works in their context

This is an editorial selection, not a ranking of literary quality. Biographical facts, publication history and interpretation are distinguished through citations to publishers, archives and literary institutions.

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